Most tasks require a person or an automated system to reason--to reach conclusions based on available information. The framework of probabilistic graphical models, presented in this book, provides a general approach for this task. The approach is model-based, allowing interpretable models to be constructed and then manipulated by reasoning algorithms. These models can also be learned automatically from data, allowing the approach to be used in cases where manually constructing a model is difficult or even impossible. Because uncertainty is an inescapable aspect of most real-world applications, the book focuses on probabilistic models, which make the uncertainty explicit and provide models that are more faithful to reality. Probabilistic Graphical Models discusses a variety of models, spanning Bayesian networks, undirected Markov networks, discrete and continuous models, and extensions to deal with dynamical systems and relational data. For each class of models, the text describes the three fundamental cornerstones: representation, inference, and learning, presenting both basic concepts and advanced techniques. Finally, the book considers the use of the proposed framework for causal reasoning and decision making under uncertainty. The main text in each chapter provides the detailed technical development of the key ideas. Most chapters also include boxes with additional material: skill boxes, which describe techniques; case study boxes, which discuss empirical cases related to the approach described in the text, including applications in computer vision, robotics, natural language understanding, and computational biology; and concept boxes, which present significant concepts drawn from the material in the chapter. Instructors (and readers) can group chapters in various combinations, from core topics to more technically advanced material, to suit their particular needs.

The long-anticipated revision of this #1 selling book offers the most comprehensive, state of the art introduction to the theory and practice of artificial intelligence for modern applications. Intelligent Agents. Solving Problems by Searching. Informed Search Methods. Game Playing. Agents that Reason Logically. First-order Logic. Building a Knowledge Base. Inference in First-Order Logic. Logical Reasoning Systems. Practical Planning. Planning and Acting. Uncertainty. Probabilistic Reasoning Systems. Making Simple Decisions. Making Complex Decisions. Learning from Observations. Learning with Neural Networks. Reinforcement Learning. Knowledge in Learning. Agents that Communicate. Practical Communication in English. Perception. Robotics. For computer professionals, linguists, and cognitive scientists interested in artificial intelligence.

This book covers the field of machine learning, which is the study of algorithms that allow computer programs to automatically improve through experience. The book is intended to support upper level undergraduate and introductory level graduate courses in machine learning.

《统计学习方法》是计算机及其应用领域的一门重要的学科。《统计学习方法》全面系统地介绍了统计学习的主要方法，特别是监督学习方法，包括感知机、k近邻法、朴素贝叶斯法、决策树、逻辑斯谛回归与最大熵模型、支持向量机、提升方法、EM算法、隐马尔可夫模型和条件随机场等。除第1章概论和最后一章总结外，每章介绍一种方法。叙述从具体问题或实例入手，由浅入深，阐明思路，给出必要的数学推导，便于读者掌握统计学习方法的实质，学会运用。为满足读者进一步学习的需要，书中还介绍了一些相关研究，给出了少量习题，列出了主要参考文献。

This book provides the first comprehensive treatment of feed-forward neural networks from the perspective of statistical pattern recognition. After introducing the basic concepts of pattern recognition, the book describes techniques for modelling probability density functions, and discusses the properties and relative merits of the multi-layer perceptron and radial basis function network models. It also motivates the use of various forms of error functions, and reviews the principal algorithms for error function minimization. As well as providing a detailed discussion of learning and generalization in neural networks, the book also covers the important topics of data processing, feature extraction, and prior knowledge. The book concludes with an extensive treatment of Bayesian techniques and their applications to neural networks.

本书介绍了统计学习理论和支持向量机的关键思想、结论和方法，以及该领域的最新进展。统计学习理论是针对小样本情况研究统计学习规律的理论，是传统统计学的重要发展和补充。其核心思想是通过控制学习机器的容量实现对推广能力的控制。由Springer-Verlag出版社授权出版。

《人工智能:一种现代方法》(第2版中文版)以详尽和丰富的资料，从理性智能体的角度，全面阐述了人工智能领域的核心内容，并深入介绍了各个主要的研究方向，是一本难得的综合性教材。全书分为八大部分：第一部分“人工智能” ，第二部分“问题求解” ，第三部分“ 知识与推理” ，第四部分“规划” ，第五部分“不确定知识与推理” ，第六部分“学习” ，第七部分“通讯、感知与行动” ，第八部分“ 结论” 。

Convex optimization problems arise frequently in many different fields. This book provides a comprehensive introduction to the subject, and shows in detail how such problems can be solved numerically with great efficiency. The book begins with the basic elements of convex sets and functions, and then describes various classes of convex optimization problems. Duality and approximation techniques are then covered, as are statistical estimation techniques. Various geometrical problems are then presented, and there is detailed discussion of unconstrained and constrained minimization problems, and interior-point methods. The focus of the book is on recognizing convex optimization problems and then finding the most appropriate technique for solving them. It contains many worked examples and homework exercises and will appeal to students, researchers and practitioners in fields such as engineering, computer science, mathematics, statistics, finance and economics.

《模式分类》(原书第2版)的第1版《模式分类与场景分析》出版于1973年，是模式识别和场景分析领域奠基性的经曲名著。在第2版中，除了保留了第1版的关于统计模式识别和结构模式识别的主要内容以外，读者将会发现新增了许多近25年来的新理论和新方法，其中包括神经网络、机器学习、数据挖掘、进化计算、不变量理论、隐马尔可夫模型、统计学习理论和支持向量机等。作者还为未来25年的模式识别的发展指明了方向。书中包含许多实例，各种不同方法的对比，丰富的图表，以及大量的课后习题和计算机练习。

During the past decade there has been an explosion in computation and information technology. With it have come vast amounts of data in a variety of fields such as medicine, biology, finance, and marketing. The challenge of understanding these data has led to the development of new tools in the field of statistics, and spawned new areas such as data mining, machine learning, and bioinformatics. Many of these tools have common underpinnings but are often expressed with different terminology. This book describes the important ideas in these areas in a common conceptual framework. While the approach is statistical, the emphasis is on concepts rather than mathematics. Many examples are given, with a liberal use of color graphics. It is a valuable resource for statisticians and anyone interested in data mining in science or industry. The book's coverage is broad, from supervised learning (prediction) to unsupervised learning. The many topics include neural networks, support vector machines, classification trees and boosting---the first comprehensive treatment of this topic in any book. This major new edition features many topics not covered in the original, including graphical models, random forests, ensemble methods, least angle regression & path algorithms for the lasso, non-negative matrix factorization, and spectral clustering. There is also a chapter on methods for "wide" data (p bigger than n), including multiple testing and false discovery rates.

Statistical approaches to processing natural language text have become dominant in recent years. This foundational text is the first comprehensive introduction to statistical natural language processing (NLP) to appear. The book contains all the theory and algorithms needed for building NLP tools. It provides broad but rigorous coverage of mathematical and linguistic foundations, as well as detailed discussion of statistical methods, allowing students and researchers to construct their own implementations. The book covers collocation finding, word sense disambiguation, probabilistic parsing, information retrieval, and other applications.

本书以机器学习与计算统计为主题背景，专门讲述如何挖掘和分析Web上的数据和资源，如何分析用户体验、市场营销、个人品味等诸多信息，并得出有用的结论，通过复杂的算法来从Web网站获取、收集并分析用户的数据和反馈信息，以便创造新的用户价值和商业价值。全书内容翔实，包括协作过滤技术（实现关联产品推荐功能）、集群数据分析（在大规模数据集中发掘相似的数据子集）、搜索引擎核心技术（爬虫、索引、查询引擎、PageRank算法等）、搜索海量信息并进行分析统计得出结论的优化算法、贝叶斯过滤技术（垃圾邮件过滤、文本过滤）、用决策树技术实现预测和决策建模功能、社交网络的信息匹配技术、机器学习和人工智能应用等。 本书是Web开发者、架构师、应用工程师等的绝佳选择。

The dramatic growth in practical applications for machine learning over the last ten years has been accompanied by many important developments in the underlying algorithms and techniques. For example, Bayesian methods have grown from a specialist niche to become mainstream, while graphical models have emerged as a general framework for describing and applying probabilistic techniques. The practical applicability of Bayesian methods has been greatly enhanced by the development of a range of approximate inference algorithms such as variational Bayes and expectation propagation, while new models based on kernels have had a significant impact on both algorithms and applications. This completely new textbook reflects these recent developments while providing a comprehensive introduction to the fields of pattern recognition and machine learning. It is aimed at advanced undergraduates or first-year PhD students, as well as researchers and practitioners. No previous knowledge of pattern recognition or machine learning concepts is assumed. Familiarity with multivariate calculus and basic linear algebra is required, and some experience in the use of probabilities would be helpful though not essential as the book includes a self-contained introduction to basic probability theory. The book is suitable for courses on machine learning, statistics, computer science, signal processing, computer vision, data mining, and bioinformatics. Extensive support is provided for course instructors, including more than 400 exercises, graded according to difficulty. Example solutions for a subset of the exercises are available from the book web site, while solutions for the remainder can be obtained by instructors from the publisher. The book is supported by a great deal of additional material, and the reader is encouraged to visit the book web site for the latest information.

《机器学习》展示了机器学习中核心的算法和理论，并阐明了算法的运行过程。《机器学习》综合了许多的研究成果，例如统计学、人工智能、哲学、信息论、生物学、认知科学、计算复杂性和控制论等，并以此来理解问题的背景、算法和其中的隐含假定。《机器学习》可作为计算机专业 本科生、研究生教材，也可作为相关领域研究人员、教师的参考书。